Broken Shoulder Recovery

Overview

A broken shoulder most often refers to a fracture of the proximal humerus — the top of the upper arm bone. Many of these heal well in a sling without surgery; others are fixed surgically with a plate and screws, or occasionally treated with a replacement when the break is severe. In every case, recovery balances two needs: protecting the healing bone, and getting the shoulder moving before it stiffens.

The first few weeks

The early weeks protect the shoulder, usually in a sling for about three weeks. Gentle pendulum and passive movements often start early — sometimes within the first days — specifically to keep the shoulder from getting stiff, while lifting is held off. Pain, swelling, and bruising are expected, and sleeping propped up is often more comfortable early on.

Motion returns

As the sling is weaned, passive and assisted motion typically progresses, followed by active motion. Stiffness and guarded, limited movement are common, and progress can feel slow and uneven. Small, steady gains during this phase set up everything that follows. Early, regular motion is the single best defense against the stiffness that can follow a shoulder fracture.

Strengthening and bone healing

Active motion typically returns and strengthening often begins around six weeks. The bone is usually healing over roughly six to twelve weeks. An arm that tires quickly, soreness after therapy, and reaching that still feels awkward are all normal. X-rays help guide when it's safe to advance, and tobacco use is known to slow bone healing.

The longer arc

Motion and strength often keep improving for up to a year, and most people regain comfortable, functional use of the shoulder. Some lingering stiffness can persist for a while. A return to heavier or overhead activity unfolds as your surgeon allows. New numbness or weakness in the hand, increasing redness or drainage, or fever is worth contacting your surgeon about.

A note on educational content

This information is intended for general educational purposes only. Recovery timelines and restrictions vary depending on the injury, whether surgery was needed, individual healing, and surgeon preferences. Patients should always follow the guidance provided by their own surgeon and care team.